Last Updated on January 10, 2023 by Pradeep
SAP FI SD Integration – Order to Cash Process
Whenever we sell finished goods to the customer, the customer has to pay for them. In this process, we post the Sales Invoice document which is part of the Sales & Distribution module into the FI module. In SAP, we call this procedure SAP FI SD integration.
SAP SD Module
SAP Sales and Distribution module deals with complete Sales Management solutions, the process includes the following:-
- Sales Order
- Delivery
- Post Goods Issue
- Billing
Other than FI & CO module, it is also integrated with Material Management ( MM).
SAP FI SD Integration Accounting Entries
Accounting entry concerning Sales Process includes the following:-
- Sales Order – We do not generate any Accounting document, instead we generate only the logistic document.
- Delivery => Post Goods Issue => Accounting Entry
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) – Debit (Dr)
Finished Stock – Credit (Cr)
Note – We need to transfer the COGS to Profit Center Accounting and Profitability Analysis.
Accounting Entry for Billing are as follows:
1. Customer – Debit (Dr)
Sales – Credit (Cr)
And it can also be the following:-
2. Customer Account – Debit (Dr)
Revenue Account – Credit (Cr)
As per the SD module, the customer account will be picked from Customer Master Data which is maintained from the SD module. We also need to configure the revenue account and see if there are any discount and surcharge accounts.
Pre-Requisites for SAP FI-SD Integration
- Material Master
- Customer Master
- Condition records
- Pricing Procedure
- GL Accounts ( Sales, Discount, Commission etc)
Material Master
In SAP Material Master, the relevant field is the Account Assignment Group. We require it for criteria G/L determination. We further group the materials which have the same account assignment. This we do to post to the same G/L accounts.
Read Related:- Production Order Calculation in SAP
Customer Master
Here also, the relevant field is the Account assignment group itself. This one also is one of the criteria for G/L account determination. Likewise, in Customer Master, the customers who have the same account assignment group are grouped to post to the same G/L accounts.
Pricing Procedure
Pricing procedures are used to define the valid condition types for pricing calculation and the sequence in which they should be processed.
We can configure the pricing procedure with TCode- V/08.
The relevant field here is the Account key. It is also one of the criteria for GL account determination. Based on the account key, we select the relevant G/L account to post.
Also Read: List of imp. Tcodes in SAP FICO
Condition Records
For each condition type in the pricing procedure, condition records are used to specify the factors like customers, material, etc. These factors can vary. Further, these condition records store the price for various combinations of these factors.
Transaction Code – VK13.
GL Accounts
To Complete the configuration for account determination, the G/L accounts should be there.
Process of Account Determination in SAP FI SD Integration
The main part of SAP FI SD integration involves the Account determination which is done with some settings.
- Application
- Condition Type
- Chart of Accounts of Company Code
- Sales Organization
- Customer Account Assignment Group
- Material Account Assignment Group
- Account key
SAP FI SD Integration Transaction Code – VKOA
Accounting Document Analysis concerning Billing Document.
Display Accounting Document – Code FB03
Here General Ledger – GL # 1010 (SALES) is auto-posted from the Billing document (sales and Distribution Module). You can also see the corresponding billing document using the menu tab Environment.
For more SAP FI-SD & FI-MM Integration Interview Questions- Read this
How it is important for you to learn?
This is one of the most asked interview questions in SAP FICO interviews. FI-SD integration knowledge for FICO consultants is a must in implementation /support/Rollout Projects.
Since it is co-related with the SAP FI MM integration, it is even important for you to do FI-SD integration also. So as to do the FICO configuration completely and successfully into the SAP system.
Related: SAP FI SD MM Integration Interview Questions
How is the FI SD Integration in SAP S/4HANA?
The process flow of Finance and Sales integration is the same in the SAP S/4HANA technology. In other words, there is no change in the integration process in SAP S/4 HANA Finance. You need to follow the same steps for the Account determination mentioned above for the integration.
Though SAP introduces changes in S/4HANA Finance and Controlling in each of its new versions. But basic concepts and certain processes remain the same. The integration of SAP FI MM and FI SD also.
Know What New in SAP S/4HANA Finance?
Watch Video: How to do Finance-Sales Integration and its settings in SAP system
